2025年奧斯卡焦點：《Emilia Pérez》引發跨性別描繪與AI倫理爭議
2025年奧斯卡提名引起了對法國-西班牙音樂電影《Emilia Pérez》的極大關注，該片以13項提名領先，包括最佳影片和最佳女主角提名，卡爾拉·索菲亞·加斯孔（Karla Sofía Gascón）可能成為首位公開跨性別演員贏得奧斯卡獎。該片由雅克·歐迪亞（Jacques Audiard）執導，講述了一位墨西哥毒梟首領接受性別確認手術並轉變為女性的故事。影片還由佐伊·索爾達娜（Zoe Saldaña）和賽琳娜·戈梅茲（Selena Gomez）主演，索爾達娜因飾演幫助艾米莉亞（Emilia）完成轉變的律師麗塔（Rita）而獲得最佳女配角提名。
儘管《Emilia Pérez》獲得了評論界的好評和獎項的熱議，但它也引發了爭議，特別是關於其對跨性別身份的描繪以及在後期製作中使用人工智慧（AI）的問題。批評者，尤其是LGBTQ+社群內的人士，稱這部電影「倒退」且「有害」，認為它延續了對跨性別女性的過時刻板印象。該片因將艾米莉亞的轉變描繪為一種欺騙和救贖而受到批評，其中一些場景讓觀眾感到冒犯，例如艾米莉亞稱自己為「半男半女」的場景。此外，該片的重新錄音混音師透露，AI被用於增強加斯孔的歌唱聲音，並將其與法國流行歌手卡米爾（Camille）的聲音混合，這進一步引發了關於AI在電影製作中倫理問題的辯論。
社交媒體放大了這種反彈，極端觀點往往佔據主導地位。許多跨性別批評者和盟友對該片對跨性別經歷的膚淺理解表示失望，稱其為跨性別代表的一步倒退。GLAAD（同性戀者反詆毀聯盟）特別將《Emilia Pérez》排除在其媒體獎提名之外，稱其「對跨性別女性的描繪極為倒退」。
儘管有這些批評，《Emilia Pérez》仍然是獎項角逐中的強有力競爭者，其大膽的敘事和雄心勃勃的音樂場景贏得了一些讚譽。該片的成功凸顯了好萊塢對多樣化敘事的渴望與對邊緣化群體真實、細膩描繪的需求之間的持續緊張關係。隨著奧斯卡的臨近，關於《Emilia Pérez》的辯論強調了在講述跨性別生活故事時，以跨性別聲音為中心的重要性。
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